Showing posts with label military. Show all posts
Showing posts with label military. Show all posts

Sunday, September 8, 2024

2021-08-11: Visiting Montana, Little Bighorn Battlefield, and Custer's Last Stand

Welcome back friends, RV'ers, Geocachers, Jeepers, and fellow travelers. When we last left you, we had just arrived to our next RV park in Bridger, Montana. The last time I was this far up in the northwest was way back in 2008 as a truck driver. While driving a big rig you don't get to see too much except out the windshield. This time we have the GeoJeep to get around and do some sightseeing. Today we start out at the historical Little Big Horn and Custer's Last Stand. So click and follow along as we tour these sacred grounds...


The Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument Park (GC6F9E) covers an area of about 765 acres. It consists of the Battle of Little Bighorn that took place on June 25th & 26th, 1876 where Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer and the 7th Calvary fell against the combined Cheyenne, Sioux and Arapaho force. It also includes the Custer National Cemetery and the battlefield site of the Reno-Benteen skirmish, about 3 miles southeast, with the Cheyenne-Arapaho warriors.



Following the fall of Custer and the 7th Calvary, the 11th Infantry led by Captain George K Sanderson buried Custer and his men on the battlefield where they fell. He also constructed the first monument on the site. From his official report dated April 7th, 1879 he wrote:

    "I accordingly built a mound out of cord wood filled in the center with all the horse bones I could find on the field. In the center of the mound I dug a grave and interred all the human bones that could be found, in all, parts of four or five different bodies. This grave was then built up with wood for four feet above ground. The mound is ten feet square and about eleven feet high; is built on the highest point immediately in rear of where Gen'l Custer's body was found."

In July of 1881, Lieutenant Charles F Roe and the 2nd Calvary built the granite memorial which still stands today on top of Last Stand Hill. About 220 soldiers remains were reinterred around the base of the new memorial, but left the markers in place where they had fallen.



In 1890, the stakes which marked where the soldiers had fallen were replaced with the marble markers you see today. Starting in 1999, the first of many red granite markers for the Cheyenne, Sioux and Arapaho Warriors were set in place where they fell.


To make it easier to spot for the hundreds of thousands of tourists who visit each year, Custer's marker was given a black background. Custer's remains had been reinterred to West Point long ago back in 1877, as well as many of the other officers remains were moved to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas or cemeteries across the country as requested by their families.



Custer National Cemetery was first designated as a U.S. National Cemetery on January 29, 1979 to protect the soldiers graves buried there. In December of 1886 it was re-designated as the National Cemetery of Custer's Battlefield Reservation to include soldiers graves of other wars. Eventually the name was shortened to Custer National Cemetery. Buried soldiers of the 7th Calvary, whos remains were discovered on the battlefield after the 1881 memorial was built, were reinterred here and listed as unknown.



The remains from 25 other cemeteries were transferred to here when frontier forts closed at the end of the Indian Wars. The fallen from many famous battles, Fetterman, Wagon Box, Hayfield, Big Hole and Bear Paw, now rest here.

Until reaching capacity in 1978, this cemetery accepted reservations for veterans and their spouses. There are soldiers here who fought in the Indian Wars, Spanish American War, World Wars I & II, Korea, and Vietnam.

There's a great book written by James Donovan that I highly recommend. "A Terrible Glory: Custer and the Little Bighorn: The Last Great Battle of the American West" is a great book put together from survivor accounts, official reports, and battlefield evidence. We listen to a lot of audio books while traveling down the road and this was one of our favorites. After listening to the Park Ranger give a summarized play-by-play of the battle, the welcome center recommended this book. We listened to it over the next couple of days as we drove around Montana.

After our visit to the battlefield site, we decided to go out geocaching and pickup some new Montana counties. The first one was also in Big Horn County in the town of Hardin. It was a travel bug hotel cache (GC4F5XD) located near the office to an RV park.

On the way to our next geocache, we crossed over into Yellowstone County. Along the side of Highway 47 was this old farmhouse that I just had to pull over and get a photo.


The geocache (GCKNZ4) was near a boat access ramp along the Big Horn River at I-94 and Highway 47. The geocache is called Manual Lisa. A little history lesson from the cache description:

    "Manual Lisa was a Cuban native. He lived 1772-1820. He was called Nebr, first white settler. He came up the Missouri in 1807 to start a fur trading venture. He built the 1st Fort Lisa on the Big Horn River. This fort was also called Manual Fort or Fort Manual. Unfortunately, he had to abandon the fort due to pressure from the British and the Indians. He was married to Mary Hampstead Keeney of St. Louis and they traveled between St. Louis and the Bighorn. She assisted the Yellowstone Expedition which had established its headquarters near the Lisa Trading Post. Manual Lisa saw himself as an Indian benefactor not an exploiter. He wrote to William Clark in 1817 (three years before he died) that he had distributed various seeds to help the Indians grow things. Some of these seeds were pumpkins, beans, turnips, and potatoes. He also loaned them traps and arranged for black smithing as needed.

    "There is a stone in this area (unfortunately they are on private land) where he carved his name M. Lisa-1807 and another stone with Colter 1810. They are somewhere around the mouth of the Bighorn. The Bighorn and the Yellowstone rivers flow together in this area. There are pictures of these stones at the cafe/casino in Custer, Mt. The pictures were taken in 1920 and you can clearly see the names. The Chamber of Commerce in Hardin, Mt. is trying to put more information together on historical sites in this area."

Well I didn't get to see the 200 year old names carved in the stone. But I did get a good view of the Big Horn River and an old bridge around the corner.





Going east on I-94, we cross over into Treasure County. Just off the Hysham exit is the Memorial Vale Cemetery and our next geocache (GC51TNW). There was a caretaker out there installing a new headstone. After watching for a few minutes, he didn't seem to care much about our activity. So I jumped out of the GeoJeep real quick, found the cache, signed to log, and went on our way.
 


And finally, the last geocache was further down I-94 into Rosebud County. Just a quick earthcache at a highway rest area (GC1GCXE). Now on back to the motorhome to end the day. Thanks for riding along. 

To follow along on our travels and keep up with my latest blogs, you may do so here of course by clicking the "Follow" button to the right. And there's also my main website at AwayWeGo.US for the complete index of my traveling adventures going back to 2005. But also by using one or more of your favorite of these social media platforms: FacebookMeWeGabRedditTwitterGETTRInstagram, and TruthSocial. These all link directly to my profiles. Again, please feel free to comment and / or share.

Monday, July 22, 2024

2021-08-08: Road Trip from Texas to Colorado, Geocaching and Breaking Down Twice in Motorhome

Hello again everyone and welcome back to our AwayWeGo's Work Traveling and Geocaching Adventures Blog. Well it's road trip time! Our time in Texas was only a couple of weeks. Now I'm needed in Montana. WOHOO! It's been a long time since I was in Montana. So let's hook up the Jeep to the motorhome, hit the road, and see what we can discover.


So a couple days ago I was at work in Bonham, Texas. About noon on Thursday I received a phone call asking if I wanted to go on an adventure to Montana for a short task that should take only a week. WHY OF COURSE! Cool. So he'll let me know on Friday. About 10 AM on Friday he calls me back to say it's a go and can I be in Montana by Monday? I'll do my best. I tell my co-workers there in Bonham that I gotta go. By noon I'm hooked up to the motorhome and on the road.



About an hour or so into the drive westbound on US-82, I'm getting some noise on the back end of the motorhome. I turned on my emergency flashers, pulled over onto the shoulder and took a look. The rear airbags were deflated and the suspension was completely down causing some tire rub. Ughh!! Googled an RV shop who could take a look and the nearest was in Wichita Falls, TX. Not too far, but only able to go 20-30 mph, it was going to take a while.

The clock was ticking past and I was running out time to get there. I finally arrived but a mere 10 minutes too late. They were already closed. It was after 5 pm on a Friday. I guess I'll be sitting in their parking lot for the weekend until their mechanics return on Monday morning.

Saturday morning I started thinking about it and extended the rear jacks down to raise the rear of the motorhome. I slid underneath not really knowing what to look for. I took some photos of the air bags and suspension. There was a Freightliner shop about a block away that was open. I hopped into the Jeep to see if I can figure out a solution. Their shop was too busy to take in anything new but he looked at the pics and immediately saw the problem. The level adjustment rod was broken.

After a short discussion, I figured I could fix it myself. He sent me over to the parts department. The parts guy said there were two different ones. So I went back to the motorhome, removed the old one and brought it back. I bought the correct replacement and installed it. You can see from the combined photo below the broken part on the left and the new part on the right.



Living the RV life and traveling the country isn't always a dream vacation! However, we're back on the road headed north on US-287/385 into the Oklahoma panhandle and then Colorado.

I did get a call from the other surveyor I was to be meeting up with in Montana on Monday. He was leaving from a jobsite in Mohave, CA but got called back to the jobsite for another task before leaving. Then got sick and tested positive for Covid for the third time. Now he's in quarantine for two weeks. So we now have plenty of time to get there.

Since I have already completed my geocaching counties for Texas and Oklahoma, I didn't spend any time stopping for geocaches. We finished the day yesterday crossing into Colorado and parking for the night at an old truck stop in Springfield. Now that we're in Colorado with plenty of time to reach Montana, I can start picking up new counties for my geocaching map.

Today is Sunday and before hooking the GeoJeep back up to the motorhome, I drove over to the Springfield Cemetery to find a geocache for Baca County (GC1FBM8).



Driving north up the road into Prowers County, we made a roadside picnic area stop at Gobbler's Knob for an Earthcache (GC3HVX5) at these giant beehive looking rock formations. Unlike a traditional geocache, an earthcache doesn't have a container with a log sheet to sign. It's more of an educational geocache. You observe the geological area and have to answer some questions about it. Most are fairly easy but some are like taking a college course. I was never good in science and just answer as best I can.




Also in Powers County, we just had to make a slight detour for our next two geocaches (GC76E0, GC1Y6H5) at a historical site and a dark time in our nations history. After the Japanese had bombed Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt ordered over 110,000 men, women, and children of Japanese descent to be rounded up and detained in what was basically a military style P.O.W. camp. Japanese-Americans, two-thirds of which were United States citizens, removed from their homes and incarcerated in these remote camps scattered throughout the country. Not a single one was ever convicted of espionage or sabotage.



From August 1942 to October 1945, more than 10,000 people passed through the gates, living behind barbed wire and under armed guard at the Granada Relocation Center, also known as Amache. At its peak, over 7,300 detainees from a variety of professional, vocational, and educational backgrounds now worked as farmers, staffing the camp hospital, and a limited amount of other tasks. All received a fraction of their former income. Some 2,000 children and teens attended camp schools. During its occupation, the Amache detention camp was the 10th largest community in Colorado.



The total land area of Camp Amache was 10,000 acres. Only 640 acres was used for residential, mess halls, and other buildings which you see in the map below. The rest was used for agricultural purposes, growing crops and food for the detainees and the military bases around the world. Camp Amache was the smallest of the ten total detention camps scattered around the United States.



During the three years in use, the War Relocation Authority recorded 107 deaths in the camp. Many of those who died were cremated and their ashes kept in urns by the family. Others were buried here. After the war and their release, all but nine of those buried were removed and reburied closer to home. Nearly one thousand young men and women who were initially detained here, went on to serve in the military during the war. Most were analysts and interpreters for Military Intelligence Service in the Pacific. The stone monument you see in the cemetery, erected in 1983, is to honor the 31 men who died in combat as well as those 107 who died at Camp Amache.



Camp Amache's residents, often referred to as internees and inmates, were under 24-hour guard by military police stationed in eight towers along the barbed wire fence. When authorities deemed that the detainees posed no threat, the guards were removed from the towers. Though they continued their post at the main entrance and patrolled the perimeter, watching over daily activities and religious ceremonies.



Averaging about 7,000 Japanese-Americans at any given time, living quarters were at bare minimum. The one-square mile residential area was comprised of 29 blocks, each containing up to 13 barracks buildings divided into 6 rooms each. A bare lightbulb, a closet with no door, coal-fired heater, unassembled canvas cots and rough wool blankets were the only furnishings that greeted internees. Imagine being taken from your own home without provocation, held prisoner without being charged with any crime, for three years, for no reason other than being of Japanese descent.



Families of seven or fewer were assigned to a single room measuring 20' x 24'. The end units, measuring 16' x 20', usually housed either 4 single men or two couples without children. For a semblance of privacy, they often hung a sheet if they had one. They found ways to personalize and improve their cramped and sparse living conditions. Homemade curtains provided minimal relief from the constant wind and pervasive dust, but none against the brutal winter cold or unbearable summer heat. Rarely discarded pieces of scrape wood would be made into a table, chair, or shelf.



Like I said in the beginning, it was a dark few years in our nations history when we could willing deny approximately 75,000 American citizens their Constitutional rights and imprison them without charge or due process. Today only the few marked graves, erected memorials, some original foundations, and reconstructed couple of buildings remain.

After an hour of driving around in this historic, yet somber 640 acres, it was time to get back on the road. There was no barbed wire fencing and no armed guards in the towers anymore. We had the freedom to drive away. But remember those who were unjustly held prisoner in this remote location in southeast Colorado.



Back in the motorhome and driving north on US-287, we make a geocaching stop for Kiowa County. In the small town of Eads was a community park with a big enough parking spot for the motorhome. After finding the nicely hidden and creative geocache (GC9C5DN), we check out the dozen historical information boards about life on the plains of eastern Colorado. Including this Kindred Spirits monument.



Continuing on into Cheyenne County, we pull into the little town of Kit Carson, Colorado. Just as we arrived, I noticed the temperature gauge climbing! I quickly pull over into this empty lot to check it out. Another freeze plug sprung a leak. Oh great. Small town with a population of 250 people. This isn't good.

Half a block away is a small rv park. I drove over and parked in the only spot available. While checking in a talking with the owner, he says there is a good mechanic in town that he will call in the morning. And if he's too busy, he'll call the mayor who used to be a diesel mechanic too. There's hope after all. Guess I'll find out tomorrow morning.

Well it's still early in the day. Since we're stuck here we might as well go exploring and geocaching.

We hop in the GeoJeep and continue down the road. First stop a few miles away was this very small Colorado ghost town called Wild Horse. Town history from one of the two geocaches here (GC6RWXV): "A small detachment of U.S. Cavalry was assigned to protect the surveyors as they laid out the grade stakes for a new railway line. Early one morning in 1869, as the cavalry rounded a bend in the Big Sandy about twelve miles west of Kit Carson, they saw a band of several hundred wild horses around a water hole. The water supply was good so the troops decided to establish an outpost camp and call it the Wild Horse Station. From 1869 until 1906 Wild Horse was just a station."

The school building which still stands in Wild Horse was built in 1912. Between 1921 and 1923 the Wild Horse School was a branch of Cheyenne County High School and conducted classes for freshmen and sophomores.



"The boom was on and from 1906 to 1909 other buildings included a two block lumberyard and office, drug store, two restaurants, two livery barns, three saloons (one only lasted a few weeks) a hardware store, pool hall, two cream stations, a barber shop, newspaper building (The Wild Horse Times), a shoe shop, another grocery store and dry goods store, a depot of sorts (two box cars joined together), a warehouse, a butcher shop and the Alfalfa Valley Bank. Local promoters proclaimed Wild Horse to be the "best little town in the world." Soon after 1909, after automobiles began to displace the horse, one livery barn became a garage. Wild Horse reached a peak about 1910-1911 at which time Charles Collins bought the controlling interest in the bank and moved it to Kit Carson."



Then a series of fires hit the town. The warehouse burned; it was not replaced. A restaurant burned and then the butcher shop. Then came the big fire in 1917 which destroyed almost entirely the east portion of town which was the business section. Someone started a fire in a wood stove in the cream station and some time after midnight, the stove toppled over and flames engulfed the town. Water was in short supply in those days and the bucket brigade was no match for the fire. The destruction was complete; the value of the loss was nearly total."

"It was the beginning of the end for Wild Horse. Part of the town was rebuilt but the Depression and the "dirty thirties" followed soon after and like so many other small towns, Wild Horse lost its young folks to greener pastures."



The McIntire Cemetery (GC1Y3ZB), also known as the Wild Horse Cemetery, is a very small cemetery. There are only 66 internments here, the oldest from 1884 and another in 1887 while just a Calvary camp station. The rest are after 1908 when the town started growing. John McIntire was a large ranch owner who immigrated from Ireland. John died in November of 1931 at the age of 83 and is buried here.



Out on the western edge of Cheyenne County is another ghost town and another geocache (GC20AJE). Joseph O. Dostal, a Bohemian immigrant and veteran of the Civil War, came to Colorado in 1866 and established the J.O.D. Ranch to the west of Kit Carson, CO. The J.O.D. headquarters was located and the town of Aroya established in 1869 as a camp for the railroad workers near the new Kansas-Pacific Railroad which built a watering hole there.

Most of the original townsite was lost due to a fire. The current location was three miles east and selected due to being closer to a better water source. The businesses which survived the fire moved their buildings to the new location. As the town continued to grow, the smaller school house at the old site was left behind and a larger school house was built at the new townsite. That school building is still standing to and pictured below.



Over the years since the state highway bypassed the town, its businesses closed, the buildings were torn down, and the people moved away. Only the schoolhouse, the old gas station, and the store building remain standing.

Crossing over into Lincoln County for two more geocaches, the first was a quick rest area stop (GC1FBCZ).

Then about a half-mile south of US-287/US-40 down a county dirt road, is what remains of the ghost town of Clifford, Colorado. The geocache (GC1Y3RG) brought me to this small area containing the graves of three children. It is believed that they were children of railroad workers. Two sisters (4 yr old and infant) from 1893 and another infant girl from 1907.


Doing my research for the blog, I couldn't much on Clifford's history. Perhaps it was settled because of a nearby stage station called Mirage, which there is no trace of left. And then because of the three graves, maybe it was a railroad camp. There is the old schoolhouse pictured below still standing. And a supposedly haunted Montgomery Ward catalog house remaining. A couple of foundations, but nothing else remains. However...


... there could be some buried treasure hidden in the area! I found another site that tells a story of notorious gang of robbers on a crime spree in 1847 back in Sacramento, California. They then decided to lay low and made their way to eastern Colorado. By 1862, the gang were living a quiet life as farmers and ranchers.

But they still had the itch and joined together for one more big score: $100,000 in gold in the form of an Army payroll headed for Denver. (That's about $3.1 Million in today's dollars!) Well I'm gonna sum it up and say "Big Shootout, only 2 of the gang survived and got away with the gold." But it was buried out on the plains near Clifford. One clue was found years later in 1931 and another was found in 1934. I implore you to take 2 minutes to read "The Missing Treasure of Clifford, Colorado" by James M Deem. It's worth it to read, as Paul Harvey puts it, the rest of the story!

My final stop was just up the road in Hugo, Colorado. There was this restored Union-Pacific Railroad passenger depot, now used for community functions.



Also in Hugo is this Union-Pacific Railroad Roundhouse (GC1YA9Q). This is one of only three roundhouse buildings still in existence. A roundhouse is basically a semi-circular maintenance building. A circular turntable was located at the center of the radius on the side of the building. As the locomotive moved onto the turntable, it could then be rotated and aligned to the track which allowed the train to move into and out of the stall to be worked on.



Typically after a railroad closes and sells off its facilities, the new owner will often remodel the structure for its own use. In this instance though the only thing that changed was the removal of the roundhouse turntable. Now in the hands of Lincoln County, the Hugo Roundhouse was restored by the county and Roundhouse Preservation Inc about ten years ago.

Well that ends a crazy day. A DIY suspension repair to start the day. Driving from Texas to Colorado while geocaching and sightseeing. Then having another freeze plug coolant leak on the motorhome in a very rural small town. Hopefully we'll be able to get it repaired in the morning. Stay tuned...

To follow along on our travels and keep up with my latest blogs, you may do so here of course by clicking the "Follow" button to the right. And there's also my main website at AwayWeGo.US for the complete index of my traveling adventures going back to 2005. But also by using one or more of your favorite of these social media platforms: FacebookMeWeGabRedditTwitterGETTRInstagram, and TruthSocial. These all link directly to my profiles. Again, please feel free to comment and / or share.

Monday, November 27, 2023

2021-06-19: Visiting the Fort Wayne in Indiana and Finding a Prince in a Cemetery

Hello again everyone. You may recall from my last blog post that we were in Indiana to purchase our motorhome. It was being sold on consignment so there were some things that needed to be taken care of as well as a full cleaning and detailing. After looking it over and getting all the paperwork in order, that afternoon we drove up to Fort Wayne, Indiana to grab dinner and check out the old fort.



It wasn't until now when I started writing this blog that I discovered that this fort is a re-creation of the third and final version of the old Fort Wayne. And that it isn't even in it's original location. The original site of the old fort is in downtown where the city's Fire Station #1 is located. The only remains that exist is an old well with a commemorative plaque on it.



The history of Fort Wayne goes way back to the Miami Tribes in the late 1600's. The area originally known as the village of Kekionga was settled near the confluence of the St Joseph, St Mary's, and the Maumee Rivers. Frenchman Jean Baptiste Bissot began visiting Kekionga in 1702 and later built the original Fort Miami in 1706. It was part of a line of forts and trading posts spanning from Quebec to St Louis.



France ceded the territory to Britain in 1760 after the French and Indian Wars. However a short time later in 1763, during Pontiac's Rebellion, the native tribes regained control of the region and the British abandoned the fort. It wasn't until 1772 that Britain would reestablish a friendship with the tribes and reoccupy the fort.



After the Revolutionary War and the Treaty of Paris in 1783, Britain ceded the area to the newly formed United, American General Anthony Wayne established Fort Wayne in 1794. General Wayne had pushed the tribes out of Ohio to the west and built a new fort to replace Fort Miami. He made a treaty with the Native Americans to end the fighting and promised they would have the lands west of the fort. This is the reason why the region west of Ohio was called Indiana.



A few more photos of the recreated Fort Wayne.







After the fort, we went over to the huge Lindenwood Cemetery in Fort Wayne to find a whole bunch of Geocaches hidden there. (GC941RY, GC99RBT, GC977G5, GC977FP, GC977H5, GC941TN, GC93Y7J, GC1HJK1, GC977GR) There are over 67,000 internments at the Lindenwood Cemetery which was established in 1859 and covers 175 acres. Among the permanent residents are politicians, athletes, veterans, and even a notorious bank robber from the Dillinger Gang.

However, there was one headstone that caught my attention. I took the photo and now researching for this blog I find the rest of the story. To long to repost here, but about a child named Prince Kaboo from a small village in West Africa. Captured by a neighboring tribe and held for ransom, he escaped, made his way to a missionary and eventually to America. A fascinating story of faith that I hope you follow these links to the Find-A-Grave website and the GodReports website to read the full story.



So that was the rest of our day today. While they work on the RV this week we're gonna take a road trip to Connecticut and back in search of a haunted cemetery. Join us as we go and see what other interesting places we discover on our adventures.

To follow along on our travels and keep up with my latest blogs, you may do so here of course by clicking the "Follow" button to the right. And there's also my main website at AwayWeGo.US for the complete index of my traveling adventures going back to 2005. But also by using one or more of your favorite of these social media platforms: FacebookMeWeGabRedditTwitterGETTRInstagram, and TruthSocial. These all link directly to my profiles. Again, please feel free to comment and / or share.

Friday, December 23, 2022

2021-03-27: Visiting the Birthplace of Ben Hur on Day 5 of Turning a 1400 Mile Road Trip into a 3404 Mile Adventure!

Today was a special geocaching roadtrip day. While I've never heard the name of General Lew Wallace before, I'm VERY familiar with his work. Or more specifically a 1959 interpretation of his work. In 1880 Lew Wallace's second book, "Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ", was published. Today we got to visit General Lew Wallace's Study and Library. So come aboard and join us on Day #5 of our 3404 mile road trip adventure. Today's journey has us finishing up Indiana and into Illinois. Are you in? Let's go for a drive...



We started out the day in Crawfordsville, Indiana in Montgomery County. The first stop was downtown for a virtual geocache (GCHXCT). The Montgomery County rotary jail and sheriff's residence was built in 1882. The first rotary jail built in the United States constructed based on plans based on patented design of William H. Brown and Benjamin F. Haugh of Indianapolis. Used as a jail until 1973 and opened as a museum and restoration begun in 1975. It was also listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

The circular cell block has sixteen wedge-shaped cells on a two-story turntable around a central shaft. The design promised better prisoner security and jailer safety. The cell block was immobilized in the 1930's as a hazard to prisoners. County jails were first established in 1792 under laws of Northwest Territory; continued under laws of Indiana Territory and state constitutions of 1816 and 1851.



We then drove over to the homesite of Lew Wallace. It was still a little early and the grounds and museum wasn't open yet. So the next three geocaches were located just outside the northwest side of town in the Oak Hill Cemetery (GC2JHCJ, GCVTJ8, GC2GGZB). Formed on April 12, 1875, the Oak Hill Cemetery Company purchased 100 acres and the cemetery was dedicated on October 20th. Today the cemetery hosts over 14,000 interments.

Among the many notable permanent residents here, like Civil War officers, Congressmen, a Governor, and others, is General Lew Wallace and his wife Susan Arnold Wallace. This is the monument for the Wallace burials. Let me first tell you about Susan Wallace.

Susan Arnold Elston was born on Christmas Day in 1830. She was an accomplished author who wrote travel articles for several magazines and newspapers across the country. Susan married Lew Wallace in 1852. She also wrote six books that were published in her lifetime: "The Storied Sea" (1883), "Ginevra" (1887), "The Land of the Pueblos" (1888), "The Repose in Egypt" (1888), "Along the Bosphorus and Other Sketches" (1898), and "The City of the King" (1903). Before her death in 1907, Susan completed Lew Wallace's 2-volume autobiography which he started before his death in 1905.



Now back at the General Lew Wallace Study and Museum (GC1EQWB), these are the north grounds of the Wallace estate. Lew and Susan Wallace built their modest Victorian home on Elston Family land in 1868. The house was sold to outside the Wallace family in 1919. A brick wall was then built by Lew's son Henry to separate the two properties. The main house is still private property and not a part of the museum.

Upon entering the grounds, you'll first encounter the Carriage House which is now the museum office. The Wallace's built the carriage house by 1875. It contained a stall for Lew's horse, "Old John", a carriage room, a hay loft, and a workshop where Lew worked on his inventions. The house was first remodeled in 1946 and used by the girl scouts. The exterior was restored in 2006 retaining its Queen Ann elements from the 1800's. The interior was adapted to be used for the museum office, gift shop, exhibit room, kitchen and storage. The Wallace's original unrestored carriage (seen below) is located in the basement of the study.





Copied from the informative sign on the grounds: The Ben-Hur Beech Tree and Statue of Lew Wallace. "Its spreading branches droop to the ground... and under them I am shut in as by the walls of a towering green tent. How often while lending me its protection and fragrant coolness, it has been the sole witness of my struggle to whip an obstinate thought into comeliness of expression; and how often out of respect for me it has maintained a dignified silence when it might have laughed at my discomfiture." -- Lew Wallace, about his beloved tree.

Lew Wallace wrote much of his famous novel, Ben-Hur, under this huge tree which came to be known as the Ben-Hur Beech. Because he loved the outdoors, Lew often brought a favorite rocking chair and lap desk outside to work. The tree was struck by lightning in 1907 and taken down in 1908.

In 1910, the Indiana State Legislature honored Lew by placing a statue of him in Statuary Hall in Washington, D.C. Lew's son Henry was so impressed with sculptor Andrew O'Conner's work, that he ordered this bronze copy and placed it where the Ben-Hur Beech Tree once stood.



Now for the main attraction. In 1879, Lew had written to his wife Susan: "I want a study, a pleasure-house for my soul, where no one could hear me make speeches to myself, and play the violin at midnight if I chose. A detached room away from the world and its worries. A place for my old age to rest in and grow reminiscent, fighting the battles of youth over again."

Construction of his "pleasure-house," known today as the Lew Wallace Study, began in 1895. It was designed by Wallace himself and combines elements of the Greek, Roman, and Byzantine architecture that he saw in his travels. Lew Wallace enjoyed his refuge for the last ten years of his life.


Stepping inside the study was like stepping inside the mind of Lew Wallace. In his public life, Lew was a lawyer, a soldier, Union General during the Civil War, Governor of the New Mexico Territory, U.S. Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, and author. As well as writing, he also enjoyed painting, fishing, music, reading, inventing, and the outdoors.

The first thing that caught my eye is what I was most interested in, the Ben-Hur display! The short sword was used in both the 1925 and 1959 movie. The wrist band was worn by Francis X. Bushman (Messala) in the 1925 movie. The album is a souvenir from the Broadway Play. The photo just to the left of the red Ben-Hur spice cans is of Charlton Heston while visiting the Lew Wallace Study in 1993.

The book is a "first edition, binding state 1" of Ben-Hur. This first edition was approximately 2,500 copies and featured a floral pattern on blue-gray cloth. Susan Wallace objected to the cover, so subsequent bindings of the first edition were brown mesh cloth (binding 2) and brown pebbled cloth (binding 3). While all these are considered first editions, the floral binding was the initial cover and the rarest. If you ever see one of those at a garage sale... BUY IT QUICKLY!!



Standing tall next to that display case was the complete suit, robe, sword and armor worn by Charlton Heston in the 1959 movie.


Lew Wallace had an extensive collection of books in his study. This is just a section of those shelves that practically wrapped around the entire room. Ben-Hur had been translated into more than twenty languages and there's a least one copy of each on the shelf. He also has a large selection of bibles and study guides. His portrait is at the top left in the photo below as well of the smaller photograph in the bottom right corner.


Not only did Lew own and play some of the finest violins of his day, but he also learned the craft of building his own violins as well.


Painting was another of his hobbies. Much of the artwork hanging in the study was painted by him. This was his watercolor set along with a small sketch and a finished painting.


Fishing and inventing were a couple more of his many interests. The silver piece at the bottom of the next photo combined both of those. An invention of his that spooled the fishing line inside the pole, not externally.


The last thing I want to show you is the large skylight in the center of the study. You can get a good look at it from the outside in the photo at the top of the page. This skylight actually has a crank on the corner which Lew Wallace used to open and close it allowing for a cool breeze to circulate on the warm summer days.


There is much more to be seen here at the General Lew Wallace Study and Museum. But I'll just leave that up to you to go and visit this historic place in Crawfordsville, Indiana, just northwest of Indianapolis. We spent a few hours here.

A great example of what I like about geocaching. Driving from point A to point B like I used to and I would have just passed these places all the time. Now because of geocaching, I look for the places to see and stop along the backroads.

A few more geocaches in Indiana to pick up Fountain, Warren, and Vermillion Counties before moving into Illinois. We did grab some geocaches in Illinois today also, but I decided to tell you about those in the next blog with the other Illinois caches. I wanted to focus on the Lew Wallace story in this one. So, see you back again real soon.

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